Cooperative communication: Computerware and humanware

This article emphasizes the combined requirements of computer systems and humanistics. In cooperative computing, negotiations can be used as a basic paradigm by which different roles and their requisites can be identified—the facilitator, the mediator, and the negotiator. The negotiation‐cooperation process has a logical sequence of agreements, definition of terms, objectives, mode of operation, common security measures concerning integrity and liability, handling protocols, etc. The cooperation is based on models of the subject and the partners—i.e., a minimum of three models should be matched. The usual methods of human negotiations supported by metacommunication should have a computer‐realizable substitute. All these subjects are outgrowths of recent research in artificial intelligence (knowledge‐based systems) and cognitive psychology; some experiences are reported in the field. However, the main task is human‐oriented—education of people for this new powerful means of coexistence.     

A Flexible Neuro‐Fuzzy Approach for Improvement of Seasonal Housing Price Estimation in Uncertain and Non‐Linear Environments

Changes in housing price affect both individuals and government since they have substantial influence on the socio‐economic conditions. Valuations of housing are necessary in order to assess the benefits and liabilities in housing sector. This study presents a flexible meta‐modelling approach for improvement of housing price estimation in ambiguous and complex environments. It is composed of artificial neural network (ANN) and fuzzy linear regression (FLR). Seven FLR models are considered to cover latest approaches and viewpoints. Also, ANN is applied to data sets. The preferred FLR model is selected via mean absolute percentage of error (MAPE) for further considerations, and then the preferred FLR model and the best structure of ANN are applied to the data set. Finally, the preferred model is selected based on MAPE. The intelligent approach of this study is applied for estimation and forecasting housing price in Iran. The housing price in Iran mainly is based on eight economic indices including currency, oil income, general index, house service pricing index, rate of informal market, gross domestic production in basic price, added value of oil group and construction materials price. FLR is identified as the preferred model with lowest MAPE for housing price forecasting in Iran. This shows that the housing market of Iran is associated with severe environmental fuzziness and ambiguity. This is the first study that introduces a flexible neuro‐fuzzy approach for improved estimation and forecasting of housing price in noisy, complex and uncertain environments.     

国外人工智能人才培养政策及对我国的启示——以美国、英国、加拿大、日本为例

各国为促进人工智能产业快速、健康、可持续发展,纷纷出台了人工智能发展的战略或政策。而人工智能人才作为支撑人工智能产业发展的战略资源,不少国家都在相关战略或政策框架中对其培养发展作了专门规定。本文基于我国人工智能人才的发展现状,通过分析总结人工智能人才基础较好的国家在人工智能人才培养方面的政策与实践,提出促进我国人工智能人才培养的政策启示。     

一种超宽带与惯导融合的LSTM室内定位算法

针对复杂环境下的室内高精度定位需求,提出了一种超宽带和惯导融合定位方案。结合位置估计过程可被划分为时间序列预测问题的特点,提出了一种基于长短时记忆(Long Short Term Memory,LSTM) 网络的联合定位算法,并对其总体架构设计、数据预处理方法、网络结构设计、模型训练方法进行了研究。在此基础上,通过仿真和实测实验对联合定位算法进行验证,实验结果表明,该LSTM神经网络联合定位算法的定位精度优于传统TOA(Time of Arrival)、UKF(Unscented Kalman Filter)联合定位算法,适用复杂室内定位。     

基于PDDL智能规划的车辆路径问题研究

针对车辆路径问题和多种扩展问题,文章提出一种基于PDDL智能规划的建模和求解方法,给出了多种车辆路径问题的PDDL模型,并利用SGPlan6和DaeYa规划器对PDDL模型进行了求解。实验结果表明,该算法能够在较短时间内给出高质量的车辆路径安排方案,并具备很好的扩展能力。     

ANALYSIS OF AN OPTION MARKET DYNAMICS BASED ON A HETEROGENEOUS AGENT MODEL

We propose a two‐market model in which an option market and its underlying market interact. Many artificial markets representing stock markets have been developed, and these models have been actively used to investigate the effects of market rules. However, no artificial market model for derivatives has been intensively studied, even though derivative markets are increasingly important. We tested stylized facts that can be observed in an option market and our model can replicate fat‐tailed distributions, positive skew of the return and positive autocorrelation of the square of return of implied volatility. We found that the speed of volatility mean reversion for fundamentalists and the existence of chartists are important factors for replicating the positive skew of an option market. The value of fat‐tailed distributions and positive skewness of the return get closer to the real value by coupling an option market and an underlying market. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Institutionalist Labor Market Theory and the Veblenian Dichotomy

This paper contributes to an institutional theory of crime. More specifically, it focuses on the problem of the mafia and the infiltration of legitimate businesses. In legal markets, the mafia resorts to artificial scarcity as a functioning principle. Although scarcity and its consequences for market economies are key aspects of mainstream economics, they have been insufficiently analyzed because the emphasis is only on "natural" scarcity. The mafia phenomenon reveals that scarcity can also be institutionally created. This type of scarcity encourages the process of market collectivization and empowers those generating it. The mafia's legal activities establish a system of "waiting lines" and monitored access to goods. Instead of being merely coercive and openly violent, the mafia builds a new lasting order, producing its own rules, and even breeding social legitimacy.     

The automation of thought: information technology holds the key to global maturity1

Authoritative forecasts show that artificial intelligence is likely to automate routine human thought at about 2020, just as automation reduced farm work a century ago, manufacturing work decades ago and services today. This long-term trend suggests that attention is likely to shift from its present focus on knowledge to high-order concerns beyond knowledge – values, beliefs, ideologies and other subjective aspects of consciousness itself. This historic move seems essential to address the ‘global crisis of maturity’ – the need for a global order able to curtail climate change, energy shortages, WMD and other massive threats of our time.     

The Content of Internet Advertisements and its Impact on Awareness and Selling Performance

ABSTRACT

This paper investigates the different relationships consumers build with anthropomorphised devices and how these relationships affect actual and intended future usage. An exploratory, three-week empirical study of 39 informants using voice controls on their smartphone uncovered a diversity of relationships that the informants built with such devices. We complement anthropomorphism theory by drawing on extended-self theorising to identify three primary roles that emerge from consumers’ interactions with these devices. Our findings theorise the distinct ways in which consumers perceive the object agency of anthropomorphised smart devices and how these perceptions impact the consumers’ engagement and future use intentions.